Tubing head



March 7, 1933. -@L A HUMASN Er AL v 1,900,714

TUBING HEAD Filed July 16, 1951 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 frana/e J9. HU adm. wwwa. W

" aww/114 March 7, 1933.

G. A. HUMAsoN E'r A1.

TUB I NG HEAD Filed July 16, 1931 y 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 gwoento ranu/l//eH. Hammam.

March 7, 1933. vJG, A, HUMASON ET AL 1,900,714

TUB I NG HEAD Filed July 16, 1931 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 W K 5 N t 1 111m N 'In .L N. "1E-lli 1 .Y Grafwi//eH/y ParentalY Mar. 7, 1933 1,900,714

IUNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE GRANVILLE A. HUMASON AND WILLIAM A.RAYMOND, 0F HOUSTON, TEXAS TUBING HEAD Application led July 16, 1931.Serial No. 551,122.

This invention relates to a tubing head. ence designate similar parts ineach of the An object of the invention is to provide figures, thenumeral 1 designates a pipe or a device of the character described,decasing in a well bore screwed onto the upper signed to be attached tothe upper end of end of which there is a bowl 2 having one a pipe in awell bore and whereby a tubing or more handles 3 by means of which itmay 55 may be supported in the well. be screwed onto or unscrewed fromthe Another object of the invention is to proupper end of the casing.The upper end of vide in a device of the character described, the bowlhas the upwardly fiared seat 4 and means for supporting the tubing andfor beneath this seat has one or more flow lines 1 forming a fluid tightjoint between the outer 5^, 5. Seated in the seat 4 there is a hanger 6pipe and the tubing. 6 which is also bowl shaped and into the Anotherobject of the invention is to probottom of which the upper end of thewell vide in a devlce of the character described, tubing 7 is screwed.This hanger also has a novel type of packing. one or more handles 8 bymeans of which A still further feature of the invention the hanger maybe. handled. A s shown the 65 resides in the provision of means wherebyhanger is of the general form of a Christmas the tubing hanger may bereadily intertree or cross having the lateral flow lines 9, locked withor released from the bowl. 9,'and the upwardly extending flow line 10Still further feature of the invention rcand within said hanger there isthe enlarged o sides in the provision of novel ty of slips flow chamber11. 70 for supporting the tubing from t e bowl. Around the bowl there isan annulargroove A still further feature of the invention 12 forming akeyway and fitted over the resides in a novel combination between theupper end of the bowl there is an annular reslips and the bowl whereb afluid tight tainer ring 13 having the handles or grips joint is formedbetween sai slips and bowl 14 for handlingthe same and this ring has 5and whereby the slips may be prevented an inside annular keyway 15 whichregisfrom rotation in the bowl. ters with the keyway 12 and in saidkey'- Wth the above and other objects in view ways there is an annularinterlockinr key 16 the invention has particular relation to ccrwhichlocks the ring on the bowl. 'Fhe ring tain novel features ofconstruction, opera- 13 has an inside annular groove 17 leading so tionand arrangement of parts, an example upwardly from which there may beone or of which is given in this specification and ilmore gates 18 andthe hanger has one or lustrated in the accompanying drawings, moreexternal lugs 19 which may be fitted wherein: downwardly through thecorrespondin Figure 1 shows a side elevation partly in gates 18 and thering 13 then turned to loc 85 section of the tubing head. said anchor inplace.

Figure 2 shows a side elevation partly in Seated in a suitable annularexternal section of a modified form thereof, showing groove 20 in thehanger there is an annular tubing slips therein. resilient packing 21preferably rectangular o Figure 3 shows a fragmentary vertical secincross sectional contour and which fits in 90 tionalview showing amodified form of the an internal triangular groove 22 in the bowl sliwhen the hanger is seated therein. The un- Figure 4 shows a plan view ofthe slips. derside of the packing has an annular groove Figure 5 shows afragmentary sectional 23 therearound, arranged to register with view ofthe slips, taken on the l1ne 5-5 of the joint beneath between the bowland 95 Fi re 4, and o hanger. Any fluid under pressure escaping Figure 6shows a sectional view taken on through said joint will enter saidgroove and the line 6--6 of Figure 4. expand the packing to prevent theescape of Referring now more particularly to the said fluid.

50 drawings wherein .like numerals of refer- There is a packing gasket24 located be- 100 tween the-lower end of the ring 13 and the externalannular shoulder 25 of the bowl beneath.

The tubing 7 may beconnected to and suspended from the hanger 6 as shownin Figure 1. The type of construction hereinabove described is primarilintended to be used in connection with a owing or pumping well. In casethe fluid flows from the well under strong pressure, the fluid may bedelivered out through the lines 9, 10 or either of them. The flowingfluid will fill the enlarged flow chamber 11 and the body of fluid inthis flow chamber will act as a cushion to retard the flow of fluidflowing under strong pressure to the end that the gritty substancestherein will not cut, or erode, away the connections thus protecting thehanger and the flow lines leading therefrom.

In assembling the hanger 6 with the bowl 2 the lug or lugs 19 may belowered through the corresponding gates 18 and the ring 13 then turnedto lock the lugs 19 1n the groove 17 so that the hanger will be securelyattached to the bowl.

In the form shown in Figure 2, there is a bowl 2 secured to the upperend of the casing 1 having the upwardly flared seat 4 and having one ormore flow lines as 5, 5 leading outwardly therefrom beneath said seat.This type of the tubing head is particularly designed for use whiledrilling and bringing in the well where strong internal pressure isencountered. In case a blowout is threatened the tubing slips shown inFigure `2, may be seated in the seat around the drill stem 7 and saidstem then lowered until a coupling 26 `0 said stem rests on said slipsand the pressure fluid in the well may then escape out through the flowlines 5, 5 but will be prevented from passing up through the bowl 2 andbetween it and the drill stem.

The particular type of' slips shown in Figure 2 'is composed of aplurality of slip segments 27 each segment having a resilient packingelement 28 incorporated therein formed of rubber or other suitableresilient material which seats in the triangular groove 22 around theinside of the bowl 2 and when the weight of the stem is on said slipsthis packing insert will form a tight joint with the bowl as well aswith the drill stem.

Above the packing element 28 the slip segments have the internal teeth29 to engage the drill stem 7 or other tubing in the slips and supportthe weight of said stem or tubing from the slips independent of thecoupling 26.

When this type of tubing head is used with a flowing or pumping well,the slips 2 7 may be used to support the pump tubmg and a nipple 30 maybe threaded onto the bowl 2 to form a connection for the lateral flowlines 9, 9 and the upwardly eX- tending flow line 10.

In substitution for the hanger 6 as shown in Figure 1, the slips 27 maybe seated in the seat 4 to engage and support the tubing 7. These slipshave an external lug 31 which may pass down through the gate 18 of thering 13 and said ring may then be turned to lock against the upper endof said lug to lock said slips in place. rIhis type of slips 27 issubstantially similar to the type of slip shown in Figure 2 having thepacking insert 28 to form tight joints between the slip and bowl, aswell as between the slip and tubing and also having the inside teeth 32above said insert to grip and support the tubing therein.

The general type of the slip hereinabove referred to is shown more indetail in Figures 4 and 6 but without the packing insert in the slipsegments. Preferably this type of slip comprises three segments 33, 33and 34. rIhese segments are arcuate in horizontal cross sectionalcontour and are downwardly tapered on their outer sides to seat in thedownwardly tapered seat 4 of the bowl and the segments 33 are hingedlyconnected to the segment 34 one on each side by means of the rigidlinks.

These links are seated, at one end, in the external bearings 36, 36 atthe upper end of the segment 34 and cut in opposite sides thereof andare mounted to pivot on the pins 37 of said segment. The other ends ofthe links 35 are extended into the eX- ternal grooves 38, 38 cut acrossthe upper ends of the segments 33 in alignment with the grooves 36 andare secured therein by the vertical pins 39 in said segments 33. rIhelinks 35 have the outwardly extended externally threaded studs 40, 40onto which are threaded the outwardly extending handles 41, 41 by meansof which the slip may be handled.

If desired the free ends of the segments 33 ma be equipped with theoutwardly extende externally threaded studs 42 to receive the handles43, 43 providing additional means for handling and manipulating theslip.

If desired one of the slip segments may be provided with the externallug 44 adapted to fit through the gate 18 of the bowl and down into thegroove 17 beneath as shown in Figure 5 which is effective to hold thepipe sustained by the slips against turning in case it be desired tounscrew a joint of the pipe above or to screw an additional joint ontosaid pipe.

In manipulating the slip when it is lifted out of the bowl by suitablymanipulating the handles 41 the slip segments may be swung open and theslip removed from the pipe and conversely in seating the slip in thebowl by an appropriate manipulation of the handles 41 the slip may beswung into position around the pipe and then lowered into the bowl. Theslip is equipped with the additional handles 43, 43 in case the weightof the slip is such as to require two workmen to handle it. The ends ofthe links 35 located within the bearing slots 36 have their inner endsoutwardly beveled as at 45, 45 to give them suicient freedom of movementso that the segments 33, 33 may be swung apart a sufficient distance toclear the pipe in removing the slip from around or in placing it aroundthe pipe to be held and the segments 33 may be loosely connected to saidlinks 35 to give the requiredl flexibility.

The type of slip shown in Figures 2 and 3 is substantially the same asthe type shown hin Figures 4 and 6, the type shown in the last namedfigures not having the packing insert therein.

The drawings4 and description disclose what we now consider to bepreferred forms of the invention by Way of illustration only, while thebroad principle of the invention will be defined by the appended claims.

IVhat we claim is:

1. In a tubing head, the combination with a bowl having an inside seat,of a tubing hanger in the bowl on said seat, a turnable ring on thebowl, interlocking means carried by said ring and hanger arranged to beinterlocked or released by appropriate turning movements of said ring,and an annular,

resilient insert in said hanger forming a` packing between the hangerand Seat and whose underside has an annular groove aligned with thejoint between the hanger and seat.

2. In a tubing head, a bowl having an inside seat, a turnable rin on thebowl, said bowl and ring having registering grooves, a key in saidgrooves arranged to prevent the detachment of the ring from the bowl butto permit the turnin movement of the ring relative to the owl, a hangerin said bowl, said ring and hanger being provided one with a groovehaving a gate and the other with a lug adapted to pass through said gateinto said groove and to be locked therein upon an appropriate relativeturning movement of said ring and hanger.

In testimony whereof we have signed our names to this specification.

GRANVILLE A. HUMASON. IVILLIAM A. RAYMOND.

